The HbA1c Test
The HbA1c test, also known as the hemoglobin A1c or glycated hemoglobin test, is a blood test that measures the average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months. It is a widely used indicator of blood sugar control in people with diabetes.
The test works by measuring the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) that is attached to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. Hemoglobin is present in all red blood cells and is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. When blood sugar levels are high, glucose can attach to hemoglobin and form a substance called glycated hemoglobin. The higher the level of glycated hemoglobin, the higher the average blood sugar level has been over the past few months.
The HbA1c test is a useful tool for managing diabetes because it provides a long-term picture of blood sugar control. It is typically done a few times a year, and the results can help healthcare providers determine whether a person's diabetes treatment plan is working and whether any adjustments need to be made. It is important for people with diabetes to keep their HbA1c levels as close to normal as possible to reduce the risk of complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, and nerve damage.
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